Tus lej rau qhov nyuaj ntawm cov hlau yog H. Raws li ntau txoj kev ntsuas qhov nyuaj, cov qauv ib txwm muaj xws li Brinell (HB), Rockwell (HRC), Vickers (HV), Leeb (HL), Shore (HS) hardness, thiab lwm yam, uas HB thiab HRC feem ntau siv. HB muaj ntau yam kev siv, thiab HRC tsim nyog rau cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov chaw siab, xws li kev kho cua sov hardness. Qhov txawv yog tias lub indenter ntawm lub hardness tester txawv. Lub Brinell hardness tester yog lub pob indenter, thaum Rockwell hardness tester yog lub pob zeb diamond indenter.
HV-haum rau kev tshuaj xyuas lub tshuab microscope. Vickers hardness (HV) Nias cov khoom siv nrog lub nra hnyav tsawg dua 120kg thiab lub pob zeb diamond square cone indenter nrog lub kaum sab xis ntawm 136 °. Thaj chaw ntawm cov khoom siv indentation pit yog faib los ntawm tus nqi thauj khoom, uas yog Vickers hardness value (HV). Vickers hardness yog qhia ua HV (saib GB / T4340-1999), thiab nws ntsuas cov qauv nyias heev.
Lub tshuab ntsuas qhov nyuaj HL portable yog qhov yooj yim rau kev ntsuas. Nws siv lub taub hau pob cuam tshuam los cuam tshuam rau qhov nyuaj thiab tsim kom muaj kev tawm. Qhov nyuaj yog xam los ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm qhov ceev rov qab ntawm lub punch ntawm 1 hli ntawm qhov chaw kuaj rau qhov ceev cuam tshuam. Cov mis yog: Leeb hardness HL = 1000 × VB (qhov ceev rov qab) / VA (qhov ceev cuam tshuam).
Lub tshuab ntsuas Leeb hardness portable tuaj yeem hloov mus rau Brinell (HB), Rockwell (HRC), Vickers (HV), Shore (HS) hardness tom qab ntsuas Leeb (HL). Los yog siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus Leeb los ntsuas qhov hardness ncaj qha nrog Brinell (HB), Rockwell (HRC), Vickers (HV), Leeb (HL), Shore (HS).
HB - Brinell hardness:
Brinell hardness (HB) feem ntau yog siv thaum cov khoom mos dua, xws li cov hlau uas tsis yog ferrous, hlau ua ntej kev kho cua sov lossis tom qab annealing. Rockwell hardness (HRC) feem ntau yog siv rau cov khoom uas muaj qhov nyuaj dua, xws li qhov nyuaj tom qab kev kho cua sov, thiab lwm yam.
Brinell hardness (HB) yog qhov kev sim thauj khoom ntawm qee qhov loj me. Lub pob hlau tawv lossis lub pob carbide ntawm qee txoj kab uas hla raug nias rau hauv qhov chaw hlau kom kuaj. Lub thauj khoom sim raug tswj hwm rau lub sijhawm teev tseg, thiab tom qab ntawd lub thauj khoom raug tshem tawm los ntsuas txoj kab uas hla ntawm qhov indentation ntawm qhov chaw kom kuaj. Tus nqi Brinell hardness yog qhov quotient tau los ntawm kev faib lub thauj khoom los ntawm thaj chaw puag ncig ntawm qhov indentation. Feem ntau, lub pob hlau tawv ntawm qee qhov loj me (feem ntau yog 10 hli hauv txoj kab uas hla) raug nias rau hauv qhov chaw khoom nrog qee qhov thauj khoom (feem ntau yog 3000kg) thiab khaws cia rau ib lub sijhawm. Tom qab lub thauj khoom raug tshem tawm, qhov piv ntawm lub thauj khoom rau thaj chaw indentation yog Brinell hardness value (HB), thiab chav tsev yog kilogram force / mm2 (N / mm2).
Rockwell hardness txiav txim siab qhov ntsuas qhov nyuaj raws li qhov tob ntawm qhov indentation. 0.002 hli yog siv ua chav ntsuas qhov nyuaj. Thaum HB> 450 lossis cov qauv me dhau, Brinell hardness test tsis tuaj yeem siv thiab Rockwell hardness ntsuas hloov chaw. Nws siv lub pob zeb diamond cone nrog lub kaum sab xis ntawm 120 ° lossis lub pob hlau nrog lub cheeb ntawm 1.59 lossis 3.18mm los nias rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv hauv kev sim hauv qab qee qhov kev thauj khoom, thiab qhov nyuaj ntawm cov khoom siv yog xam los ntawm qhov tob ntawm qhov indentation. Raws li qhov nyuaj ntawm cov khoom siv sim, nws tau qhia hauv peb qhov ntsuas sib txawv:
HRA: Nws yog qhov nyuaj tau los ntawm kev siv 60kg thauj khoom thiab lub pob zeb diamond cone indenter, uas yog siv rau cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj qhov nyuaj heev (xws li cemented carbide, thiab lwm yam).
HRB: Nws yog qhov nyuaj tau los ntawm kev siv 100kg thauj khoom thiab lub pob hlau tawv nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 1.58 hli, uas yog siv rau cov ntaub ntawv nrog qhov nyuaj qis dua (xws li hlau annealed, hlau cam khwb cia, thiab lwm yam).
HRC: Nws yog qhov nyuaj tau los ntawm kev siv 150kg thauj khoom thiab lub pob zeb diamond cone indenter, uas yog siv rau cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj qhov nyuaj heev (xws li hlau tawv, thiab lwm yam).
Ntxiv rau:
1.HRC txhais tau tias Rockwell hardness C scale.
2. HRC thiab HB siv dav hauv kev tsim khoom.
3. HRC siv tau ntau yam HRC 20-67, sib npaug rau HB225-650,
Yog tias qhov nyuaj siab dua qhov ntau no, siv Rockwell hardness A scale HRA,
Yog tias qhov nyuaj qis dua qhov ntau no, siv Rockwell hardness B scale HRB,
Qhov txwv sab saud ntawm Brinell hardness yog HB650, uas tsis tuaj yeem siab dua tus nqi no.
4. Lub indenter ntawm Rockwell hardness tester C scale yog lub pob zeb diamond cone nrog lub kaum sab xis ntawm 120 degrees. Lub nra hnyav kuaj yog qee tus nqi. Tus qauv Suav yog 150 kgf. Lub indenter ntawm Brinell hardness tester yog lub pob hlau tawv (HBS) lossis lub pob carbide (HBW). Lub nra hnyav kuaj sib txawv nrog lub cheeb ntawm lub pob, xws li 3000 txog 31.25 kgf.
5. Qhov Rockwell hardness indentation me me heev, thiab tus nqi ntsuas yog localized. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ntsuas ntau lub ntsiab lus kom pom tus nqi nruab nrab. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov khoom tiav lawm thiab cov hlais nyias thiab raug cais ua kev sim tsis puas tsuaj. Brinell hardness indentation loj dua, tus nqi ntsuas yog qhov tseeb, nws tsis haum rau cov khoom tiav lawm thiab cov hlais nyias, thiab feem ntau tsis raug cais ua kev sim tsis puas tsuaj.
6. Tus nqi tawv ntawm Rockwell hardness yog tus lej tsis muaj npe tsis muaj units. (Yog li ntawd, nws tsis yog qhov tseeb uas hu Rockwell hardness ua qee qib.) Tus nqi tawv ntawm Brinell hardness muaj units thiab muaj qee qhov kev sib raug zoo nrog lub zog tensile.
7. Rockwell hardness yog tso tawm ncaj qha rau ntawm lub dial lossis digitally tso tawm. Nws yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam, ceev thiab intuitive, thiab haum rau kev tsim khoom loj. Brinell hardness xav tau lub tshuab microscope los ntsuas qhov indentation diameter, thiab tom qab ntawd saib lub rooj lossis xam, uas yog cumbersome dua rau kev khiav lag luam.
8. Nyob rau hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, HB thiab HRC tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm kev saib lub rooj. Cov qauv xam hauv siab tuaj yeem sau tseg li: 1HRC ≈1 / 10HB.
Kev kuaj qhov nyuaj yog ib txoj kev sim yooj yim thiab yooj yim hauv kev kuaj cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Yuav kom siv kev kuaj qhov nyuaj los hloov qee qhov kev kuaj cov khoom siv kho tshuab, yuav tsum muaj kev hloov pauv zoo dua ntawm qhov nyuaj thiab lub zog hauv kev tsim khoom.
Kev xyaum tau ua pov thawj tias muaj kev sib raug zoo sib xws ntawm ntau yam nqi zog ntawm cov khoom siv hlau thiab ntawm qhov nyuaj thiab lub zog. Vim tias qhov nyuaj yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov pib tiv thaiv yas deformation thiab qhov txuas ntxiv tiv thaiv yas deformation, qhov siab dua ntawm cov khoom siv lub zog, qhov siab dua qhov yas deformation tiv thaiv, thiab qhov siab dua qhov nyuaj.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Yim Hli-16-2024
